"Ragnarok" meaning in All languages combined

See Ragnarok on Wiktionary

Proper name [English]

IPA: /ˈɹæɡ.nəˌɹɒk/ [UK], /ˈɹæɡ.nəˌɹɔk/ [US], /ˈɹæɡ.nəˌɹɑk/ [US, cot-caught-merger] Audio: en-us-Ragnarok.ogg [US] Forms: Ragnarök [alternative], ragnarök [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Old Norse ragnarǫk (modern Icelandic ragnarök), from regin (“gods”) + rǫk (“fate, judgment”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₃reǵ-}}, {{bor|en|non|ragnarǫk}} Old Norse ragnarǫk, {{cog|is|ragnarök}} Icelandic ragnarök Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Ragnarok
  1. (Norse mythology) A series of future events culminating in a battle, fought between the Æsir and the einherjar on one side, and the forces of Surtr, Loki, and Loki's children on the other, in which all of creation is burned down and almost all life is extinguished. Tags: Norse Synonyms: apocalypse, armageddon, doomsday, Götterdämmerung, judgement day, Twilight of the Gods Translations (the final battle in Norse mythology): 諸神的黃昏 /诸神的黄昏 (zhū shén de huánghūn) (Chinese Mandarin), ragnarok (Danish), ragnarok (Dutch), ragnarök (Estonian), ragnarøk (Faroese), ragnarök (Finnish), Ragnarök [masculine] (French), რაგნაროკი (ragnaroḳi) (Georgian), Ragnarök [feminine, neuter] (German), Götterdämmerung [feminine] (German), Ragnarök (Hungarian), Ragnarök (Icelandic), ラグナロク (Ragunaroku) (Japanese), 神々の黄昏 (kamigami no tasogare) (alt: かみがみのたそがれ) (Japanese), 라그나로크 (Rageunarokeu) (Korean), Рагнарөк (Ragnarök) (Kyrgyz), राग्नारोक (rāgnārok) (Marathi), ragnarok [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), ragnarok [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), رگناروک (ragnârok) (Persian), Ragnarok [masculine] (Portuguese), Рагнарёк (Ragnarjók) (Russian), Судьба богов (Sudʹba bogov) (Russian), Рагнарек [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), Рагнарок [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), Ragnarek [Latin, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), Ragnarok [Latin, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), ragnarok [masculine] (Spanish), Ragnarök (Swedish), Ра́гнарок (Ráhnarok) [masculine] (Ukrainian), Ра́ґнарок (Rágnarok) [masculine] (Ukrainian), Ра́гнаре́к (Ráhnarék) [masculine] (Ukrainian)

Proper name [Portuguese]

IPA: /ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/ [Brazil], [ha.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki] [Brazil], /ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/ [Brazil], [haɡ.naˈɾɔk] [Brazil], /ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/ [Brazil], [ha.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki] [Brazil], /ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/ [Brazil], [haɡ.naˈɾɔk] [Brazil], /ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/ [Rio-de-Janeiro], [χa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki] [Rio-de-Janeiro], /ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/ [Rio-de-Janeiro], [χaɡ.naˈɾɔk] [Rio-de-Janeiro], /ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/ [Portugal], [ʁɐ.ɣi.nɐˈɾɔk] [Portugal], /ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/ [Portugal], [ʁɐ.ɣi.nɐˈɾɔk] [Portugal], /ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/ [Portugal, Southern]
Head templates: {{pt-proper noun|m}} Ragnarok m
  1. (Norse mythology) Ragnarok (end of the world in Norse mythology) Tags: Norse, masculine

Alternative forms

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          "Ragnarok",
          "Ragnarok#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Norse mythology) Ragnarok (end of the world in Norse mythology)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Norse",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ha.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[haɡ.naˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ha.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[haɡ.naˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[χa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[χaɡ.naˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʁɐ.ɣi.nɐˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʁɐ.ɣi.nɐˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "Ragnarok"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃reǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "ragnarǫk"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ragnarǫk",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "ragnarök"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic ragnarök",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse ragnarǫk (modern Icelandic ragnarök), from regin (“gods”) + rǫk (“fate, judgment”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Ragnarök",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ragnarök",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Ragnarok",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Rag",
        "na",
        "rok"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English proper nouns",
        "English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
        "English terms derived from Old Norse",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃reǵ-",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Terms with Danish translations",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Estonian translations",
        "Terms with Faroese translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Icelandic translations",
        "Terms with Japanese translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Marathi translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
        "Terms with Persian translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
        "en:Afterlife",
        "en:Eschatology",
        "en:Norse mythology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              107,
              115
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1858, Thomas Carlyle, chapter VIII, in History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great, volume II, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book VII, page 274:",
          "text": "Wilhelmina weeps, now and then, with her good Sonsfeld; hopes nevertheless there will be some dawn to this ragnarök, or general ‘twilight of the gods.’",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              141,
              149
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1902, Charles Kingsley, “Ancient Civilisation”, in Historical Lectures and Essays, Macmillan and Co.:",
          "text": "And all that is before them and the whole civilised world, would be long centuries of anarchy such as the world has not seen for ages—a true Ragnarok, a twilight of the very gods, an age such as the wise woman foretold in the old Voluspà.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              61,
              69
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1916 February, H. P. Lovecraft, “The Teuton's Battle-Song”, in United Amateur:",
          "text": "But this heaven was not to last forever. Some day would come Ragnarok, or the Twilight of the Gods, when all creation would be destroyed, and all the Gods and men save Alfadur perish. Surtur, after killing the last of these Gods, would burn up the world.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A series of future events culminating in a battle, fought between the Æsir and the einherjar on one side, and the forces of Surtr, Loki, and Loki's children on the other, in which all of creation is burned down and almost all life is extinguished."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Norse",
          "Norse"
        ],
        [
          "mythology",
          "mythology"
        ],
        [
          "series",
          "series"
        ],
        [
          "future",
          "future"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event"
        ],
        [
          "culminating",
          "culminate"
        ],
        [
          "battle",
          "battle"
        ],
        [
          "fought",
          "fought"
        ],
        [
          "Æsir",
          "Æsir"
        ],
        [
          "einherjar",
          "einherjar"
        ],
        [
          "Loki",
          "Loki"
        ],
        [
          "children",
          "children"
        ],
        [
          "creation",
          "creation"
        ],
        [
          "burned down",
          "burn down"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ],
        [
          "extinguish",
          "extinguish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Norse mythology) A series of future events culminating in a battle, fought between the Æsir and the einherjar on one side, and the forces of Surtr, Loki, and Loki's children on the other, in which all of creation is burned down and almost all life is extinguished."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "apocalypse"
        },
        {
          "word": "armageddon"
        },
        {
          "word": "doomsday"
        },
        {
          "word": "Götterdämmerung"
        },
        {
          "word": "judgement day"
        },
        {
          "word": "Twilight of the Gods"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Norse"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɹæɡ.nəˌɹɒk/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɹæɡ.nəˌɹɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɹæɡ.nəˌɹɑk/",
      "tags": [
        "US",
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-Ragnarok.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/En-us-Ragnarok.ogg/En-us-Ragnarok.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/En-us-Ragnarok.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "zhū shén de huánghūn",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "諸神的黃昏 /诸神的黄昏"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "ragnarok"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "ragnarok"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "lang_code": "et",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "ragnarök"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "lang_code": "fo",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "ragnarøk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "ragnarök"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ragnarök"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "ragnaroḳi",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "რაგნაროკი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Ragnarök"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Götterdämmerung"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "Ragnarök"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "Ragnarök"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "Ragunaroku",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "ラグナロク"
    },
    {
      "alt": "かみがみのたそがれ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "kamigami no tasogare",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "神々の黄昏"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "Rageunarokeu",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "라그나로크"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "lang_code": "ky",
      "roman": "Ragnarök",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "Рагнарөк"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "lang_code": "mr",
      "roman": "rāgnārok",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "राग्नारोक"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ragnarok"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ragnarok"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "lang_code": "fa",
      "roman": "ragnârok",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "رگناروک"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ragnarok"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "Ragnarjók",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "Рагнарёк"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "Sudʹba bogov",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "Судьба богов"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Рагнарек"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Рагнарок"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ragnarek"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ragnarok"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ragnarok"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "word": "Ragnarök"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "Ráhnarok",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ра́гнарок"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "Rágnarok",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ра́ґнарок"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "Ráhnarék",
      "sense": "the final battle in Norse mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ра́гнаре́к"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Ragnarok"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "Ragnarok m",
      "name": "pt-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Portuguese 3-syllable words",
        "Portuguese 4-syllable words",
        "Portuguese 5-syllable words",
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese lemmas",
        "Portuguese masculine nouns",
        "Portuguese proper nouns",
        "Portuguese terms spelled with K",
        "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Portuguese uncountable proper nouns",
        "pt:Norse mythology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ragnarok (end of the world in Norse mythology)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Norse",
          "Norse"
        ],
        [
          "mythology",
          "mythology"
        ],
        [
          "Ragnarok",
          "Ragnarok#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Norse mythology) Ragnarok (end of the world in Norse mythology)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Norse",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ha.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[haɡ.naˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ha.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[haɡ.naˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[χa.ɡi.naˈɾɔ.ki]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁaɡ.naˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[χaɡ.naˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʁɐ.ɣi.nɐˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʁɐ.ɣi.nɐˈɾɔk]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʁɐ.ɡi.nɐˈɾɔk/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "Ragnarok"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Ragnarok meaning in All languages combined (11.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.